Part 3: Why some parts of Bengaluru flood — The gradient factor

Bengaluru has an undulating topography and gradients vary considerably across the city. This fact is important to understand why the city floods.

As a ‘yellow alert’ has been issued, yet again, in Bengaluru, citizens search for answers on the reasons for the severe floods this year. One such explainer is by Arun Pai, founder of Bangalore Walks.

In a series of videos, titled ‘Floodsplaining’ posted on the Bangalore Walks YouTube channel, Arun Pai deep dives into questions on the causes of the floods. He does not pass any value judgements and focuses on the scientific reasons for the severe floods.

His videos are based on his extensive research, including talking to experts, reading on the topic, and gaining insights by going around the Bengaluru tank network and the Mahadevpura plains on bike and by foot. He says that he is not an expert, but is on a quest to understand the various aspects of the situation out of curiosity and his love for Bengaluru.

Why gradient matters

Citizen Matters, in earlier articles, has summarised and republished the first three episodes of Arun Pai’s videos. In the fourth episode, titled ‘Gradient Matters. How steep is your slide?’ Arun Pai, with the aid of a topographical map, trivia, historical events, and a dash of humour, highlights why gradient is important to understand why the city floods after heavy rains.


Read more: How open data, wastewater reuse and other measures can prevent flooding in Bengaluru


Bengaluru’s topography

Unlike Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata, Bengaluru is not a flat city. It has an undulating topography and gradients vary considerably across the city. Gradient is important because it affects the speed at which water travels downstream.

Arun Pai recommends an app to viewers called topographic-map.com (one can also do a Google search of ‘Bengaluru topographic map’ to find the app. He demonstrates how the alitude above sea level is displayed when you click on anywhere in the map.

A screenshot from episode 4-Gradient matters-on Bangalore Walks YouTube channel

Arun Pai uses maps and graphs to explain why Bengaluru floods. Pic courtesy: Bangalore Walks YouTube channel

The flow of rain water

The meme of how Bengaluru transformed into a giant waterpark after heavy rains, is turned on its head by Arun Pai. He does so by urging the viewers to imagine, as an analogy, the city as a giant waterpark with several high points and how all the water slides eventually end up in a large pool of water. He then looks at how rain water flows from different points: ITPL, Tin Factory, Silk Board, and Domlur, into Varthur tank.


Read more: Rainbow Drive — layout or lake? The man-made tragedy of Bengaluru’s flood-prone neighbourhoods


A feat of human engineering

Tanks were built to capture rain water so that it could be utilised for irrigation purposes. Arun Pai adds that Bengaluru history includes a feat of human engineering. It is part of one of the oldest and most sophisticated rain water harvesting systems in the world, a fact that must not be lost in time and must be remembered and understood, especially in the current times.

Watch the full video here:

Episode 4 of Floodsplaining series. Video: Bangalore Walks

[The video has been republished with permission]

Also read:

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Similar Story

1.94 crore litres of water saved: How one Chennai apartment mastered sewage treatment

The Central Park South apartment in the city saves approximately ₹9.16 lakh annually by using treated water from their STP.

Two years ago, I visited the Central Park South apartment complex in Old Mahabalipuram Road (OMR) to observe and write about its in-house Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). While large apartment complexes are required to have the facility to treat their sewage, many in Chennai lack one. Unlike other buildings in OMR, Central Park South had little choice, as the Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) has yet to provide essential services like drinking water and underground drainage. I revisited the apartment this month, eager to see how the sewage treatment system had evolved. While it has had a…

Similar Story

Scorching streets: Understanding urban heat islands in Bengaluru’s market areas

Vulnerable communities bear the brunt of the UHI effect in Bengaluru's Russell and KR Markets, exposing them to rising, lasting heat.

Urban Heat Islands (UHI) are areas within cities that experience significantly higher temperatures than their rural counterparts due to human activities, concretisation, and lack of vegetation. Bengaluru, the fifth most populous metropolis (Census of India, 2011) and one of the rapidly growing cities in India, is no exception. In the last two decades, the city has seen a rapid rise in built-up area from 37.4% to 93.3%. The pressure of urbanisation has not only affected the natural and ecological resources but is also impacting the city’s livability because of rising temperature levels. Unlike sudden disaster events like landslides or floods,…