Water Supply

Water is an essential part of life and its abundance is necessary for food and livestock security. Safe, adequate and equitable water supply, therefore, is required to conserve biodiversity and the environment. But Mumbai is severely lagging in this. In Thane district particularly, situated next to Mumbai Metropolis, the area is abundant in only water supply issues, no water. For the past few years, Thane’s roughly 22-lakh strong population has struggled with adequate water supply. Many parts of Thane, namely Kolshet, Hiranandani Estate, Mumbra, Diva, Waghbil and Kasarvadavli, are either not receiving proper water supply, or are receiving impure water…

Citizens, activists and lake groups are taking up the cause of protecting and improving Bengaluru’s lakes. Engaged citizens and government agencies need to work together to restore to Bengaluru its old reputation of being the “city of lakes’. But there is widespread confusion on whom to approach regarding specific issues. The chart below shows the various government bodies involved with lakes and the current governance structure. Government bodies involved in managing the lakes of Bengaluru. Pic credit: Sarayu Neelakantan and Sanjana Alex. A list of government bodies responsible for the physical, chemical and ecological status of respective lakes are given…

Reports of massive fish kill events in lakes across Bengaluru come up worryingly often every year after the first monsoon showers. This year was no different. Ulsoor, Basavanapura, Muthanallur and Bhattarahalli are some of the lakes in which dead fish were found floating over the last few weeks. What is causing this morbid scene year after year in a city famed for its many water bodies? Pollution is one culprit. What are the other factors involved? How exactly do these interact and impact lake ecosystems? And what needs to be focused on to prevent such events? To understand the whole…

Do you live in an apartment with its own sewage treatment plant (STP)? Do you know how much of the treated water is reused and how much ends up clogging the city's stormwater drains? Despite laws in place in Bengaluru that mandate the setting up of decentralised plants and 'zero discharge', i.e. for all the treated water to be used up within the apartment fence, turns out reuse levels remain alarmingly low. The city now has over 3,000 decentralised STPs, which treat 615 million litres of sewage every day. Centralised STPs generate another 650 MLD of treated water. But the…

Tanker water supply, a crucial supplementary source of water for Mumbaikars, could soon become costlier with the implementation of new restrictions on groundwater abstraction. Though the restrictions were introduced way back in September 2020, their implementation was delayed because of clout enjoyed by the water tanker lobby and the city’s heavy dependence on the tanker water supply. Now, tanker owners have to get permission for extracting groundwater for domestic and commercial use. If the rules are not complied with, penalties and police cases follow. How did they go about implementing restrictions? Earlier, in February 2022, officials of the Central Ground…

Depleting groundwater levels across India has been a cause of concern for a long time. To address this, in September 2020, the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) under the union government’s Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation introduced new guidelines for bulk water suppliers - chiefly applicable to tanker water suppliers.   In a public notice issued in newspapers, the ministry explained that the nationwide restrictions were introduced for regulation and control of groundwater development and management and to issue necessary regulatory directions.  How did the restrictions affect Mumbai? This led to chaos in Mumbai as the city depends on…

Bengaluru now has over 2,450 decentralised Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs), including those installed in apartments and large commercial buildings. These STPs cumulatively treat approximately 615 Million Litres of wastewater per day, which is 8% of the total sewage generated in the city. Most of these decentralised STPs are poorly maintained, resulting in poor quality of treated wastewater. There is limited reuse and the excess water is often illegally discharged into open drains, resulting in polluted lakes and water bodies. Reusing treated wastewater for gardening, toilet flushing and washing common areas in apartment complexes can reduce both water scarcity and water…

Translated by Sandhya Raju நீண்ட வரிசையில் வண்ணமிகு குடங்கள், காத்திருகக்கும் மக்கள் கூட்டம், இவை 2019 கோடை காலத்தில், சென்னையின் பல வீதிகளில் காணப்பட்ட காட்சி. அதன் பிறகு, நல்ல மழை, போதிய நீர் சேகரிப்பு ஆகியவை இருந்தாலும், விளிம்பு நிலையில் வாழும் மக்களின் தண்ணீர் விநியோகம் என்னவோ மாறா காட்சியாகவே உள்ளது.  தண்ணீர் பிரச்சனை எல்லா காலங்களிலும் எங்களுக்கு உள்ளது, கோடை காலத்தில் இன்னும் மோசமாக இருக்கும்” என்கிறார் புளியந்தோப்பில் வசிக்கும் 32 வயது கமலா. அதிகாலை 5 மணிக்கு தன் வேலையை தொடங்கும் இவர் ஐந்து பேருக்கு சமைத்து, மூன்ரு பிள்ளைகளை பள்ளிக்கு கிளப்ப வேண்டும். காலை 9.30 மணிக்கு தண்ணீர் லாரி சத்தம் கேட்டதும் குடத்துடன் சாலைக்கு செல்கிறார்.  “இது தான் எனது தினசரி வேலை, தண்ணீர் லாரி வரும் நேரத்தை பொருத்தே எனது மற்ற வேலைகளை செய்ய வேண்டும். நகரத்தில் பெரும்பாலான பெண்கள் சந்திக்கும்…

Thanks to a crowdfunding effort that raised around Rs 10 Lakhs and two months of intensive work by community residents, local villagers and workers from the panchayat starting April 2020, the residents of Zed Earth, a gated community in Dodaballapur, haven’t spent a single rupee on water tankers so far this year. In the past, their annual cost on tankers could go up to as much as Rs 2 Lakhs depending on the ground water situation. “This is the only year when we have not spent a single rupee on buying water,” says an elated Anil Kashyap, resident of Zed…

Rows of colourful plastic pots lined up before tanker lorries and a sea of people waiting near hand pumps had become defining images of Chennai’s water crisis in the summer of 2019. While the city has seen good monsoons and sufficient water in storage in the years since, little has changed in terms of regular supply for many residents of low-income communities across the city. “The water crisis we face is an all-seasonal issue and summer only worsens our living conditions,” says L Kamala, a 32-year-old resident of Pulianthope. She starts her day as early as 5 am. She cooks…